Utah's ghost towns come from several kinds of settlement. Mormon pioneers founded farm villages that lost to floods and drought, like Grafton below Zion, settled in 1859 and empty by 1944, and Widtsoe, a dry-farming town of about 1,100 in 1920 that the federal government bought out in 1936. Silver strikes made camps such as Silver Reef, where the ore lay in sandstone, and Frisco, home to about 6,000 people in 1885. Coal camps cluster in Carbon County and the Book Cliffs. Railroad towns faded when the lines moved or steam gave way to diesel: Kelton when the Lucin Cutoff bypassed it in 1904, Thistle and Cisco later. Two of the most unusual are Iosepa, a colony of Native Hawaiian converts in Skull Valley, and Topaz, a World War II camp where Japanese Americans were confined.
What remains ranges widely. Grafton's adobe schoolhouse and homes have been restored, Fruita's orchards are still tended inside Capitol Reef National Park, and Frisco's beehive charcoal kilns still stand. Thistle was drowned by a lake that a landslide dammed in 1983, and at many coal camps only foundations, a few stone walls and a cemetery are left.